India has announced an ambitious plan to generate 100 GW (gigawatts) of nuclear energy by 2047, marking a significant shift in its energy landscape. The government has opened the nuclear sector to private players, a move that was previously considered unlikely. This decision aligns with the vision of Homi Bhabha, who emphasized that India’s nuclear program was dedicated to peaceful purposes. Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s leadership has now reinforced this commitment by launching a nuclear mission to meet the country’s growing energy demands through clean energy solutions.

Union Minister of State for Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, and other key departments, Dr. Jitendra Singh, highlighted the mission’s significance in the Rajya Sabha. He described it as a historic initiative that will ensure a stable power source while promoting environmental sustainability. The Minister pointed out that nuclear energy will contribute 10% of India’s total energy needs by 2047. To achieve this, the government has significantly increased the budgetary allocation for nuclear power, with a 170% rise in funding for the Department of Atomic Energy since 2014. In the 2024-25 budget, ₹20,000 crore has been allocated for the indigenous development of at least five Bharat Small Modular Reactors.

A key aspect of the mission is the focus on Small Modular Reactors, which have capacities ranging from 16 MW to 300 MW. These reactors are well-suited for India’s diverse energy needs, particularly for remote areas and industrial zones. They will provide reliable and clean electricity across the country, helping to bridge the energy gap in regions with limited access to power. The development of these reactors is expected to strengthen India’s position in advanced nuclear technology and contribute significantly to achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2070.

India is also collaborating with international partners such as France and the United States to advance nuclear technology while maintaining a strong focus on indigenous research and development. The National Research Foundation, which receives 60-70% of its funding from non-government sources, will play a crucial role in accelerating nuclear research in the country. The government aims to leverage these partnerships while ensuring self-reliance in nuclear energy production.

Another important aspect of the nuclear expansion plan is the utilization of India’s thorium reserves, which account for 21% of the world’s total. Projects such as the Bhavini reactor and the Kudankulam nuclear plant, which had faced delays before, have seen renewed progress under the current administration. The government’s commitment to reviving stalled projects and launching new initiatives highlights its focus on energy security and clean power generation.

The decision to involve the private sector in nuclear energy marks a significant shift in policy, breaking past taboos surrounding the sector. The nuclear program, which traditionally operated under strict government control, is now being positioned as a key component of India’s energy future with broader participation from various stakeholders. This transformation is expected to accelerate growth in the sector and support India’s clean energy goals.

The nuclear mission is expected to play a critical role in ensuring a stable and sustainable energy supply for India’s future. With strong government backing, increased funding, and private sector involvement, the country is set to make significant strides in nuclear energy development. This initiative reinforces India’s position as a global leader in clean energy solutions while addressing the growing demand for electricity in an environmentally responsible manner.